3^rd World Congress on Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research October 02-03, 2017 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Biography:

G. Krishna Mohan has extended his valuable service as a professor in Department of Pharmacy in JNTU, India. Krishna Mohan international experience includes various programs, contributions and participation in different countries for diverse fields of study.  His research interests as a professor reflect in his wide range of publications in various national and international journals. 

Abstract:

Background, Object:

In recent research biological methods have been used to synthesize silver nanoparticles in presence of medicinally active antidiabetic plant and this intention made us to assess the biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (BSSNP) from Momordica Charantia using 1 mM silver nitrate solution. The synthesised nanoparticles were characterized by Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). In current study the silver nanoparticles tested for in-vivo anti-diabetic activity in wistar rats.

Results and Discussion

XRD graph represents presence of peaks at 2θ values 28.1°, 33.09°, corresponds to (111), (200), (202), planes of silver, respectively. Thus, the XRD spectrum confirms the crystalline nature of BSSNP. From EDX it is clear that the strong signal of silver in the spectra, confirms the formation of silver nanoparticles. The result obtained from study indicates that silver nanoparticles synthesized using plant have shown potent activity than that of plant extract.

Conclusion

Biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles were successfully obtained from bioreduction of silver nitrate using Momordica Charantia plant extract and have been appropriately characterized using different equipments. From the study biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles exhibited strong antidiabetic effect against Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats than that of extract. The approach of green synthesis seems to be cost efficient, eco-friendly and easy alternative to conventional methods of silver nanoparticles synthesis.

Key words: Biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles, Momordica Charantia, antidiabetic effect.

Biography:

Wasif Nouman is working as assistant professor in the Department of Forestry & Range Management, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan. He has published about 21 publications in various national and international journals. He has also serving as editor of International Journal of Agriculture and Biology.

Abstract:

A study was conducted to investigate the growth performance, antioxidant activities, and nutritional quality of Moringa oleifera, a fodder crop, under the simultaneous effect of plant growth regulators and drought stress. For this, benzyl amino purine (BAP @ 50 mg L^-1), ascorbic acid (50 mg L^-1), and moringa leaf extract (MLE, 3.3%) were exogenously applied on moringa plants at three field capacity levels i.e., 100 (Normal), 75 (moderate stress) and 40% (severe stress) in a completely randomized design with three replications. Drought tolerance was evaluated on the basis of growth development, chlorophyll a and b and total phenolic contents, antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalaze (CAT), as well as crude protein and mineral contents. Moreover, variation in p-hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, gallic acid, p-coumeric acid and sinapic acid according to drought stress and foliar applications was also quantified by using RP-HPLC. A decrease in growth, photosynthetic pigments, total phenolics, antioxidant activities and nutritional quality of moringa leaves was recorded at normal and severe drought conditions in comparison with moderate drought stress. BAP improved shoot length, root length, number of leaves and roots of moringa plants followed by MLE while in the case of photosynthetic pigments, crude protein, calcium, potassium, magnesium, and phosphorous MLE was more effective under severe drought. An increase in selected phenolic acids was also observed in moringa leaves with increase in stress. It can safely be concluded that moringa showed reduced growth and decreased nutritional quality under normal and severe water deficit conditions that can be mitigated by applying BAP and MLE. 

Biography:

Dr. P. Sailaja Rao., Pharmacologist, obtained her Ph.D degree  in Pharmaceutical Sciences from JNTUH (Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Hyderabad), India. Presently, working as Associate Professor in reputed Pharmacy college and has 15 yrs of experience in teaching and Research. She was awarded “GUFIC prize” for oral presentation at Indian Pharmacological Society, IPSCON conference 2015 at Rajkot, India for her contribution in indigenous plant research.  She has also won best prize for oral presentation in International conference of Innovare Academics in Bhopal, India. She has 10 research publications in national and international journals of repute to her credit and more in the pipeline. Her areas of interests are diabetes, drug drug interactions and has made significant contribution in herbal medicines. She is member secretary, for IAEC (Institutional Animal Ethical Committee) nominated by CPCSEA (Govt of India). She is appointed as Joint Secretary for IPS (Indian Pharmacological Society), Hyderabad, India. She is an excellent teacher and popular among student as best teacher and researcher.

Abstract:

The objective of the present research work is to develop and characterize an ethosomal gel from methanolic leaf extract of Mangifera indica and evaluating the same for wound healing activity. There are many reports revealing the pharmacological activity of the herbal extract but only few were reported as suitable dosage form. Different formulations of three doses (100 mg, 200 mg, 300 mg) of ethosomes using lecithin, cholesterol and ethanol were prepared from Mangifera indica herbal leaf extract. The entrapment efficiency of ethosomes was 65.1% - 96.54% and average vesicle size was 926 nm. Based on the entrapment efficiency and drug release further incorporation into gel formulations using carbopol 940 was done. Wound healing activity was evaluated by excision wound healing model for the three formulations using rats as experimental animals. Animals are divided into 5 groups (n=6) and silver nitrate was used as standard. The % wound area, wound area and period of epithelization were determined. The pH of the gel formulations was found to be in the range of 5.4 - 6.2 with drug content of 50.47%-83.53%. In the wound healing activity, the wound healing effect was studies for a period of 21 days and the treated (200 mg) animals showed significant reduction in % wound area, wound area and period of epithelization. The order of wound healing efficacy of test formulations was found to be 200 mg/kg >100mg/kg >300 mg/kg >standard.

The present study revealed that ethosomal gel applied topically possess wound healing activity. 

Biography:

M Oliur Rahman is currently working as a Professor at the Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. He has received his PhD from Hiroshima University, Japan. Previously, he has served for Bangladesh National Herbarium as Senior Scientific Officer. His research interests focus on plant taxonomy, biodiversity, molecular phylogentics and medicinal plants. His research also concentrates on bioprospecting and investigation of the biological activities of medicinal plants including anti-cancerous and anti-diabetic plants of Bangladesh. He has over 70 publications in different peer reviewed prestigious international and national journals including some books. He currently serves as an Editor for Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy, member of several professional organizations and Reviewer for several national and international journals.

Abstract:

Mikania cordata (Burm. f.) Robinson belonging to the family Asteraceae is a twining herb, characterized by its cordate leaves, capitulum inflorescence, white flowers, narrowly oblong cypsela type of fruits and white pappus. The species has long been used in folk medicine in Bangladesh to treat cuts, wounds and dengue fever. The present study aimed at evaluating the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic potential of the essential oil (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg) and two extracts, viz., chloroform and ethyl acetate (200, 400, 800 mg/kg), from aerial parts of Mikania cordata. The essential oil of M. cordata showed potent analgesic effect (47.33% writhing inhibition and up to 95.86% elongation of reaction time at 50 mg/kg body weight dose) in both models (acetic acid induced writhing’s and hot plate reaction time in mice), suggesting peripheral and central actions. In addition, the essential oil produced dose dependent anti-inflammatory effect (the 50 mg/kg b.w. showed highest 72.80% edema inhibition at 4 hours, respectively). The chloroform extracts and ethyl acetate extracts possessed moderate inhibitory activity on acetic acid induced writhings (up to 29.33% and 16.65% inhibition, respectively at the dose 800 mg/kg b.w.) and hot plate thermal stimulation in rats (up to 79.18%, and 42.37% elongation of reaction time, respectively at the dose 800 mg/kg b.w.) as well as carrageenan-induced hind paw edema in rats (up to 34.31% and 15.27% of edema inhibition, respectively at dose 800 mg/kg b.w). Moreover, the essential oil and chloroform extract displayed an excellent antipyretic effect in yeast-induced hyperthermic rats, whereas the ethyl acetate extract had no antipyretic activity. Results of the present study confirmed the traditional use of M. cordata for the treatment of pain, inflammations and fever, claiming that the essential oil as well as the leaf extracts of the species has potent analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and calls for further investigation to determine the active phytoconstituents.

Biography:

Dr. Iraj  Sharifi has completed his PhD at the age of 28 years from University of Illinois (USA) and eversine, has been teaching( PhD, MS, MD, Lab.Tech., Pharmacy, and nursing students) and doing research studies at the School of Medince and Leishmanisis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran. He has been the Dean of faculty of Medicine (4 years), Vice- Chancellor for Research (5 years), Chancellor of the Kerman Uni of Med Sci (13 years) and Director of Kerman Leishmaniasis Research Center (10 years). He has published 135 articles (75 international and 60 Persian).

Abstract:

Leishmaniasis remains a serious global health challenge with no effective therapeutic drug. This study was aimed to evaluate the antileishmanial, cytotoxicity and metacaspase gene expression activities of green tea extract (Epigallocatechin 3-0-Gallate (EGCG) and Glucantime alone or in combination on L.tropica promastigotes and amastigotes by colorimetric assay and macrophage model. Moreover, the apoptotic and necrotic values were assessed by flow cytometry analysis. EGCG was prepared by maceration and various concentratons of EGCG or Glucantime (10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/ml) was prepared. After standard time of 72h treatment of promastigotes, optical density was measured by ELISA to determine the IC50 value (50% inhibitory concentration). For clinical stage, intramacrophage-amastigotes were incubated at various concentrations of EGCG alone or in combination with Glucantime (at minimum inhibitory concentration). The overall antileishmanial potency of EGCG coupled with Glucantime was greater than EGCG or Glucantime alone. No cytotoxicity was induced by EGCG, metacaspase gene was expressed and the extract induced a good index of apoptosis, a possible mechanism of parasite death. Further investigation are essential to elucidate the exact mechanism of action of this potent antioxidant in the chemistry of oxidative stress and its biological activities in clinical setting. 

Biography:

Mohammad Saaid Dayer has completed his PhD in 2004 from University of Newcastle upon Tyne in UK and since then he working an a lecturer in the Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology of Tarbiat Modares University in Tehran (Iran). As an insect pathologist, one of his research field of interest is biological control of medically important arthropods using natural products including medicinal plants. He has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals and presented paers in many international scientific events.

Abstract:

Chemical insecticides application for pest control posse serious impacts on human health and environment. Nowadays, intensified efforts to find safer and environmentally friendly alternatives have resulted in identification and production of some plant-derived natural ingredients that can used against insect pests. Amongst these plants, feverfew, Tanacetum parthenium, from Asteraceae family is reputed to have insecticidal properties in addition to its excellent medicinal values. In this study, we quantitative evaluated the essential oil of T. parthenium collected from Northern Khorasan province [Northeast of Iran] for its pyrethrin content using RP-HPLC chromatography.

Flowers and leaves of T. parthenium harvested at flowering stage were dried at cool and dark place and subjected to 3 steps maceration with [30ml] chloroform and shaking for 1 hr. followed by filtration. Pyrethrin contents were then read by chromatographic method at 230 nm wavelength against the background of calibration regression equations. Our results indicated that dry flowers contain 0.46 % total pyrethrin [I+ II], whereas leaves and stems include 0.06 % pyrethrum. Pyrethrin was more concentrated in flower than stem. The wild population of Tanacetum parthenium of Northern Khorasan province demonstrates high potentiality to be commercially cultivated if it undergoes a plant-breeding program to manipulate phenotypic variation in the concentration of bioactive compounds present at harvest. 

Biography:

Dr. A. Manoraj has completed M.phil and M. Sc in plant sciences at University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka and conducting research on antibacterial activity of Triphala and natural products. He has received ptent for the invention of a antibiotic wound care cream. He has been serving as a community medical officer at the Department of Ayurveda, Central Province, Government of Sri Lanka. He has 10 year research experience and published and presented 15 papers nationaly and internationly. Reviwer of  research papers for national and international research conferences and journels. He introduced a novel nutritional food suplimment called  Navaposa, specially for pregnant and lactating mothers and children. 

Abstract:

Triphala is a drug used in the traditional system of medicine and comprises equal parts of dried pericarp of Terminalia chebula, Terminalia bellirica and Phyllanthus emblica fruits. The aqueous extract of Triphala is being used for cleaning and treating wounds in indigenous medical institutions in Sri Lanka. However, a ready-made formulation of Triphala for treating wounds is lacking. Further, the studies on antimicrobial activity of Triphala and its constituent plants against multidrug-resistant pathogens are scanty. The purpose of the study was to prepare a ready-made formulation of Triphala and evaluate its antibacterial activity against a panel of multidrug-resistant wound pathogens. Triphala cream 40% w/w was prepared by adding a solid extract of Triphala to an aqueous cream base BP and homogenising the mixture. The antibacterial activity of Triphala cream and the antibiotics–Fucidin 2%, Bactroban 2% and Soframycin 2%-was examined using agar dilution method against 24 multidrug-resistant organisms known to cause wound infections. The pathogens included methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, viridans streptococcus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. All tests were performed in triplicate. Triphala cream demonstrated significant activity against all Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values <0.4 mg/ml and <0.4–1.6 mg/ml, respectively. The spectrum of activity of Fucidin and Bactroban included Gram-positive cooci only while that of Soframycin included Gram-negative bacilli only. Triphala cream demonstrated activity similar to that of commercial antibiotics against both Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli. Thus, Triphala cream alone provided effective coverage of both Gram-positive and -negative organisms in contrast to the use of commercial antibiotics where two separate commercial creams were required for the purpose.

Biography:

Prakash Kinthada is a Professor in Chemistry at Sri Vidyanikethan Engineering college, JNTU University in Ananthapur, A. Rangam Peta, Tirupathi, India.

Abstract:

Cancer is a dreadful disease and any practical solution in combating this disease is of paramount importance to public health. Cancer patients have burdened by drug induced toxic side effects, and no turned to seek help from the complementary and alternative medicine hoping for a better cure. Research on Platinum based drugs and Non Platinum based drugs is a Multi-Million Dollar Industry in USA and there is every need to produce safe drugs for the cure of this monstrous disease. Flavonoids have a long history of use in traditional medicines in many cultures. The phytochemical, curcumin is one of the major dietary flavonoid, belonging to a group of flavonol, Curcumin is a natural polyphenol. It is highly potential molecule capable of preventing and treating various cancers.  Various dietary chemo preventive agents, turmeric powder or its extract are broadly used as therapeutic preparations in Indian System of medicine. We provide a summarized synthesis and structural determination of Curcumin Oxime, Curcumin Thiosemicarbazone derivative of Gold (III) complex. The use of these analogs for prevention of cancer tumor progression and treatments of human malignancies. A pharmacologic agent for treating and/or preventing cancer, among other diseases and conditions, and particularly breast, prostate, and pancreatic cancer, in humans and animals. The novel pharmacologic agent is an isoflavonoid or isoflavonoid mimetic covalently attached to a cytotoxic pharmacophore that, preferably has the ability to conjugate with a metal salt to form a more potent metal complex, particularly a Au (III) complex and other complexes of Platinum, Palladium, Ruthenium, Copper etc.

Biography:

T. Panneerselvam working as a Research Faculty in International Research Centre, Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, Tamilnadu. He received his PhD degree in 2013 from Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, India and he earned Young Faculty Award 2014 from EET CRS presents Academic Brilliance Award-2014, Noida and has 10 years of teaching experience, scientific research and development. He has published 21 Books and 56 scientific research articles in international and national journals. His research has focused on the Graph Theoretical Analysis, Density Functional Theory, Insilico Modeling, Optimization, Synthesis, Formulation and Analytical/Biological Screening of Novel Nanocomposites.

Abstract:

In this study, the optimized 4-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-2-amino-6-hydroxypyrimidine-5-carboxamide derivative was formulated as nanocomposite to evaluate for their anticancer activity. The response surface methodology (RSM) was performed with utilization of Box-Behnken statistical design (BBSD) to optimize the experimental conditions for identification of significant synthetic methodology. To explore the stability of the derivative was done by density functional theory (DFT). Graph theoretical analysis was introduced to identify the drug target p38α MAP Kinases and then insilico modeling was performed to provide straight forward information for further structural optimization. The experimental results under optimal experimental conditions obtained 74.55-76% yield of 4-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-2-amino-6-hydroxypyrimidine-5-carboxamide, 127^oC melting point and R_f value 0.59 were well matched with the predicted results and this was gaining 95% of confidence level and suitability of RSM. The spectral data were reliable with the assigned structures of synthetic yields. The formulated nanocomposite was exhibites a good anticancer activity against used cancer cell line MCF7. Amusingly the observed docking scores and invitro anticancer activity was proving the compound significance and potential as a potent p38α inhibitor.

Biography:

Selvaraj Kunjiappan is working as a research faculty in Sir CV Raman-KS Krishnan International Research Center, Kalasalingam University, India. He received PhD (Chemical Engineering) from Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India. His research interests are health care/pharmaceutically important biomaterial separated from environmentally dumped waste human hair, waste biological materials like fish shells, crab shells. The isolated biomaterial applied to convert nanoparticles or nanovehicles or nanocarriers for degenerative diseases therapeutic formulations for overcoming multi drug resistance, targeted drug delivery and improve bioavailability.   His recent research focused on targeted drug delivery system focusing on degenerative diseases using waste human hair protein based nanoparticulate formulations. This research work is expected to be published -Manuscript titled “Design, in silico modeling and biodistribution of rutin and quercetin loaded-stable human hair keratin nanoparticles intended for targeted drug delivery on anticancer activity” submitted to ACS Nano Journal. His published work deals with optimization, preparation and characterization of rutin-quercetin dual drug loaded keratin nanoparticles for biological applications. 

Abstract:

The drugs with enhanced effectiveness and least side effects is a major task in current drug discovery. To achieve this immense target, the human hair keratin and rutin-quercetin (Ru-Qr) were chosen to formulate nanoparticles (NPs). The specific drug delivery is a core path to produce significant biological activity, in this connection, the current study was designed to produce high stable Ru-Qr NPs and their characterization such as encapsulation of Ru-Qr, nature, molecular shape, particle size, stability and polydispersity index by FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM and Zetasize analyzer. The prepared NPs were around ~51 nm size, majorly spherical in shape, crystalline nature and average particle size of 123±5.6 nm, zeta potential to be -28±2.7 mV and polydispersity index of 0.52±0.02. Based on  review report, the drug targets 521P and 5P21 were chosen to perform in silico study. Interestingly, the observed in silico study reports shows the strong interaction of NPs and binding pockets of H-Ras P²¹ protooncogene. In this view, the attracted attention of NPs encouraged and prompted us to study the biodistribution and in vitro anticancer activity by cancer cell line. The initiated research effort towards biodistribution investigation of NPs displayed that, it was penetrated after 3 days of injection, up to 14 % in liver, 18 % in kidney, 8 % in spleen, 3 % in heart and 0% in brain. At 50 µg/mL concentration NPs displayed 78.02% viability in normal liver cell line and 95.60% cytotoxicity in HeLa cell line. The obtained results showed the active NPs enhancing controlled, site specific drug delivery and it can serve as a novel nanodrug in the management of cancer.

Keywords: Keratin, Protooncogene, Multidrug resistance, H-Ras P²¹, Docking

Biography:

Sachin Chandavarkar is working as an Assistant Professor in P.E.S’s Rajaram and TarabaiBandekar College of Pharmacy, affiliated to Goa University, India. He received PhD (Pharmacy) from Bhagwant University, Ajmer, India. Hisresearch interests are pharmacognosy/ biotechnology/ pharmacological activities on animal study. His recent research focused on diuretic and nephroprotective activity on medicinal plants. He has 3 research articles published in international journals of repute (Indexed/ included in Scopus, PubMed Central., etc.). He has actively involved in teaching, research and administration for past 6 years. 

Abstract:

In this study, methanolic extract of whole plant of Biophytumsensitivum was evaluated for their nephroprotective activity using wistar albino rats. The methanolic extract was administered orally at a dose of 200 mg/kg and Gentamicin was administered at a dose of 40 mg/kg i.p. to the rats for 7 days. On eighth day all the animals were sacrificed and blood was collected to evaluate urea and creatinine level in the serum and it was taken as the index of nephrotoxicity. Histopathological examinations of kidneys of all the groups were carried out and the findings revealed that methanol extracts of Biophytumsensitivum possesses nephroprotective activity. The elevations of serum urea and creatinine produced by Gentamicin were considerably reduced and showed histopathological changes in the kidneys to normal. The study concluded that methanolic extract of Biophytumsensitivum possess nephroprotective activity.

Keywords: Biophytum sensitivum,Gentamicin, nephroprotective activity.

Biography:

Samira shahba completed her Master (MSC) in the field of microbiology from Islamic Azad University, Tehran Sciences and Research. She worked on her thesis in Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. She had been working on autoimmune diseases in the rheumatology research center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences for one year. 

Abstract:

Background: The present investigation was conducted to study the antibacterial effect of aqueous, ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of Teucrium polium plant on the bacteria isolated from urine samples of those with UTI and to compare it with the effect of commonly used antibiotics in treating UTIs.

Materials and Methods: The antibiotic resistance of 147 strains of bacteria causing UTIs to the antibiotics selected through Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion Method was determined. In the meantime, the aqueous, ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of Teucrium polium plant were prepared. The antibacterial activity of these extracts was examined using Disk Diffusion Method. Finally, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of antibacterial were determined using serial dilution method.

Results: Teucrium polium extracts were merely effective in enterococcus and pseudomonas bacteria. In general, the MIC rate of aqueous extract in enterococcus was 1.25–5 mg/ml. The MIC rate of ethanolic extract for enterococcus was calculated as 10 mg/ml. The MIC of aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts for Pseudomonas bacteria were achieved as 5 and 20 mg/ml, respectively. The MBC contents of aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts of Teucrium for Pseudomonas bacteria was 10 mg/ml in aqueous and 20 mg/ml in ethyl acetate extracts. The MBC content of extracts for enterococcus bacteria were 10 mg/ml in aqueous extract and 20 mg/ml in ethanolic extract.

Conclusion: Teucrium polium extract can be effective in some bacteria causing urinary tract infection, especially enterococcus.

Biography:

Charis Liew Siaw Min has her expertise in the research on anxiety, depression and stress under the treatment and management of Traditional and Complementary Medicine (Homeopathy) and evaluation and passion in improving the mental health and wellbeing. She is currently doing on postgraduate study of Master in Medical Science (Msc) on the comparison of homeopathic and conventional intervention on anxiety and stress.

Abstract:

Anxiety, phobias and stress are the main mental health problems among the Malaysian population, with global prevalence varying from 8% to 18%. Even so, less than 30% who suffer these disturbances seek treatment (Harvey and Champe, 1998).

The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the anxiolytic effects of Aconitum napellus and Homeopathic complex Vita-C 15 in the acutely stressed C57BL6 mice by using the fecal corticoid test, open field test (OFT) and c-fos, NMDAR 2B, NPY 1R and NPY 2R activity through the hippocampus.

A double blinded randomized controlled study is conducted at Animal Laboratory of Cyberjaya University College of Medical Sciences (CUCMS). All the animals are acclimatized to constant laboratory conditions for 14 days before starting the experiments.

Prior to the experiment, a pilot study is performed to identify the most suitable and ideal potency for the homeopathic remedy of Aconitum napellus. The animals are tested (n=3) per group on the potency of 6 C, 30 C and 200 C. The treatments are carried out over 9 days.

48 male C57BL6 mice (n=6), 4-5 weeks of age are used. They are randomly selected and divided into two groups. Group I is the healthy control group of mice which are not exposed to acute stress. Group II (stress group); comprise of mice expose to acute restraint stress. Prior to restraint stress, the treatments given are Aconitum napellus 30 cH, Homeopathic complex Vita-C 15, Diazepam, and placebo. Then the results are evaluated by fecal CORT test and open field test by comparing the anxiolytics between pre-test and post-test.

Aconitum napellus 30 cH and Homeopathic complex Vita-C 15 are expected to be more effective and can reduce the occurrence of anxiety in the acutely stressed C57BL6 mice. Thus research into prevention and supportive therapies is necessary and beneficial for this disorder. 

Biography:

Yong Ya Fen has completed her undergraduate study at Universiti Malaysia Sarawak. She is currently pursuing her Master’s degree at Universiti Sains Malaysia. Her research interest is to understand the herb-drug interaction mediated by human cytochrome P450 isozymes. The implication of her research is to introduce the traditional medicinal plants which have potential anti-cancer properties into currently available chemotherapeutic treatment to enhance the efficacy.

Abstract:

Strobilanthes crispus has been reported to have high medicinal value due to its anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial and anti-cancer properties. Previous studies by our research group has shown that standardized sub-fraction of Strobilanthes crispus (SCS) inhibits tumour growth in vivo and exhibits cytotoxic effect on two breast cancer cell lines suggesting potential as an adjuvant in cancer chemotherapy. The present study aimed to assess the possible interaction between SCS and human CYP450 as they play a vital role in drug metabolism that is crucial in determination of treatment efficacy. Five important human CYP450s (CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4) involved in the metabolism of major prescribed drugs were selected for this study. In vitro analysis of CYP450 isozymes activities was conducted using Vivid CYP450 screening kits. The fluorescent metabolites formed were measured to obtain the IC50 value that represents the inhibitory effect of SCS. The assays were verified using known inhibitors of each CYP450 isozyme. The results showed no inhibition on CYP2D6 because the IC50 value obtained is 50000-fold higher than its known inhibitor. SCS exhibited negligible inhibition towards CYP2B6, CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 with IC50 values 100-fold higher in comparison to their selective inhibitors. The activity of CYP2C9 was moderately suppressed by SCS with an IC50 value of 5.5231 ± 0.4198 µg/mL that is 35-fold higher in comparison to the enzyme selective inhibitor, sulfaphenazole. The finding suggests that co-administration of SCS with other medicines that are metabolized by CYP2C9 could elicit adverse herb-drug interaction and further in vivo study is required to evaluate the modulatory effect on CYP2C9. 

Biography:

Ong Bee Yean has completed her bachelor’s degree in pharmacy at the age of 25 years from National University of Malaysia. Currently, she is pursuing a master’s degree in medical science from University of Malaya. She has published one paper in a reputed journal indexed in ISI-WoS in January 2017.       

Abstract:

Cordyceps sinensis (cordyceps) has long been used as adjuvant therapy in hemodialysis patients. However, it remains controversial whether cordyceps supplementation is beneficial. This review evaluates current evidence on the efficacy and safety of natural and fermented cordyceps preparations as adjunctive treatment in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.

Methods: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, MEDLINE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Database were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials up to March 2016. Two review authors independently selected trials for inclusion, extracted data, assessed the methodological quality and rated the quality of evidence with the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach.

Results: Twelve studies involving 655 participants were included.  Evidence of poor to moderate-quality showed that cordyceps plus conventional treatment compared to conventional treatment alone significantly improved C-reactive protein (SMD -0.61; 95% CI -1.00 to -0.22), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (WMD -3.44 mg/L; 95% CI -3.89 to -2.99), serum albumin (WMD 3.07 g/L; 95% CI 1.59 to 4.55), malondialdehyde (WMD -1.95 nmol/L; 95% CI -2.24 to -1.66), and hemoglobin (WMD 9.56 g/L; 95% CI 3.65 to 15.47) levels. However, there was no significant improvement for serum creatinine and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Overall, most trials either did not monitor adverse events or poorly documented them.

Conclusions: Given the small number of trials included, the unclear methodological quality of the included trials, and the high heterogeneity in pooled analyses, the evidence obtained in this review is insufficient to recommend the use of cordyceps as adjunctive treatment in hemodialysis patients.